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Human beings are diploidy and we have only two copies of the same genes (or chromosomes). It can have more than 500 chromosomes in a single nucleus. One of the largest genomes belongs to a very small creature, Amoeba dubia, a cousin of Amoeba proteus, has 670 billion base pairs! However, large genome size does not correlate with the number of genes.Īmoeba proteus has such a large genome due to an extreme replication of the same set of genes (a classic example of polyploidy). Guess how big the Amoeba proteus’ genome is? Amoeba proteus has a 290 billion base pairs (one base pair is equal to one DNA code), making it 100 times larger than the human genome (3 billion)!!! The scientists call the entire DNA codes in a particular organism its “genome”. Extremely large genomeįirst, Amoeba proteus is eukaryote meaning that its genetic materials (DNA) are enclosed in the nucleus. Sure, Amoeba proteus is an amazing creature in several aspects. Tell me more about the secrets of Amoeba proteus! For example, the white blood cells in our immune system can patrol and prey for invaded bacteria by pseudopods. In fact, most eukaryotic cells can change their shapes by moving their cytoskeletons.
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In addition to using pseudopod to move around, Amoebae also use them to engulf food particles. Under the plasma membrane of the pseudopods, there are organized cytoskeletons that generate the force to drive the change of the cell’s shape. Amoeboid movement: an amoeba moves by stretching its pseudopods. This form of movement by extension of cytoplasm is called “ amoeboid movement”. Under the microscope, you can see the components (including nucleus and vacuoles) inside the Amoeba flow smoothly like in a gel as it moves. Once the tips of pseudopods adhere to the substrate, the cytoplasm of the cell flow to fill the space so the whole cell moves forward. When the Amoeba stretches its pseudopods, the cytoskeletons (like the cells’ skeleton system) inside the cell rearrange and extrude the cell membrane to change the cell shape. What is inside Amoebas’ “false feet” or “pseudopods”?Ī pseudopod is a temporary arm-like projection that is developed in the direction of movement. The cytoplasm can be divided into two parts: a granular inner endoplasm and an outer layer of clear ectoplasm, both enclosed within a flexible plasma membrane.Ĭrystals are condensed wastes produced by the cell. Several food vacuoles are used to digest food particles. The microanatomy of Amoeba: an amoeba has a single granular nucleus, containing most of the organism’s DNA.Īmoeba moves and hunts by extending pseudopods.Ī contractile vacuole is used to maintain osmotic equilibrium by excreting excess water from the cell. In this aspect, Amoeba is closer to our human beings (are also eukaryotes) than bacteria (prokaryotes). Yes, Amoeba is a single-celled organism, meaning one Amoeba consists of only one giant cell.Īmoeba belongs to the eukaryotic cells, which means that their genetic material (or DNA) are well organized and enclosed within a membrane by forming a “nucleus”. The ability to move by pseudopods is the common feature of the Amoeba family, although some of them look quite different from Amoeba proteus. Amoeba proteus does not have a fixed shape – it constantly changes because it extends its pseudopods. Among the big family of Amoebas, Amoeba proteus is probably the best-known member – common in classrooms and research laboratories.Īmoeba proteus is known for the way they move, a primitive crawling manner – through extension and retraction of “false feet” (or pseudopods) over varied substrates. Amoeba (plural amoebas/amoebae) is a group of primitive protists.